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REA Economic Ontology
Specialization Module for the UN/CEFACT Modeling Methodology
Submitted to the Techniques and Methodology Group (TMG)
March 2006
1. Objectives
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of the project is to construct a specialization module for the UMM that will lend domain expertise to that methodology. More specifically, the particular domains to be used are those of microeconomics and accounting, and the particular body of work to be used in the specialization work is the REA (Resource-Event-Agent) business process ontology, especially as that work is illustrated in ISO/IEC 15944-4 -- Information technology - Business agreement semantic descriptive techniques -- Part 4: Open-edi business transaction ontology (FDIS March 2006).
1.2 Scope
The initial scope of this project will be limited to the Business Requirements View (BRV) of the UMM, as the BRV is explained in Working Draft 1.0 of the UMM Meta Model - Foundation Module.
2. Deliverables
The project deliverables are:
- A technical specification detailing the declarative, procedural, and constraint components of the proposed specialization module, and
- A user guide detailing in non-technical fashion how those components are to be used and interpreted by non-expert users.
3. Functional Expertise of Membership
Functional expertise for this project will include:
- Expertise in microeconomics and accounting;
- Expertise in business process modeling, UML, and base components of the UMM.
- Expertise in the foundation fields of ontology, including philosophy and computer science.
4. Geographical Focus
The focus is this proposal is global, as the rules and principles of the economic and accounting ontology are not tied specifically to those business rules of any particular country.
5. Initial Contributions
As an initial contribution, a short summary of some of the components of ISO 15944-4 is submitted, along with an explanation of how those components relate to the (1) the Business Entity View of the UMM-BRV, and (2) the Business Process View of the UMM- BRV.
5.1 The UMM-BRV Business Entity View
The Business Entity View of the UMM "describes the life cycles of business entities that are manipulated in a collaborative business process." The 15944-4 figures following here portray the correspondence of this UMM view with the Open-edi collaboration model:
- 5.1.1 Figure 21 from 15944-4 illustrates the REA business entities involved in a full business collaboration. Some of these definitions differ from the UMM and need adjustment. This entity constellation includes:
- the basic economic infrastructure of a process, including the resources, events, and agents;
- the abstract specification of these basic entities into types; and
- the inclusion of commitments and contracts.
- 5.1.2 Figure 24 corresponds to the UMM Figure 15. It illustrates that business entities have life cycles and states that are transitioned by activities or business events.
- 5.1.3 Figure 27 corresponds to UMM Figure 18. It illustrates a state machine for the business entity view. The entity illustrated is Economic Resource Type, but in actuality a state machine diagram for all of the business entities in Figure 21 would be specified.
5.2 The UMM-BRV Business Process View
The business process view of the UMM "describes the flow of activities and states of business processes." Figures 28-31 from ISO 15944-4 illustrate this view with activity graphs which correspond to the UMM Figure 14. This particular set of graphs is intended to read consecutively, and they carry an example business collaboration forward through its Open-edi phases of planning, identification, and negotiation. This business process view of the BRV complements the business entity view as can be illustrated with the two alternative, but consistent specification behaviors seen for the Economic Resource Type entity.
6. Statement of resource requirements
Resources needed for this project will be provided by the TMG. The existence and functioning of the project shall not require any additional resources from the UN/ECE secretariat.
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